Малайзия

Уважаемые форумчане, в этой теме можно практиковать изучение малайского языка. Разрешено использовать русский/английский/малайский языки.

Dear friends, here you can practice the Malay language. You are allowed to use Russian/English/Malay

Terima kasih (тэрима касэх)
Thank you
Спасибо

Saya (сая)
I
Я

Anda (Анда)
You
Вы

Kau (кау)
You
Ты
*Kau is widely use in Kuala Lumpur, this is why I recommend to use this. Although we have, anda, awak, kamu, mung, engkau, ko, korang as "you"... we have a lot

Dia (дия)
He/ She
Он/ Она

Sayang (саянг) / Cinta (чинта)
to love, loving, love
Любить, Люблю, любовь
*in Malay language, sometimes verb can be use as subject or object, depends on the situation.

Remember, Malay language is easy. We don't have :
- Genders Rules
- Verb Conjugation
- Plural/ Singular Form

Apa kabar?

So, how do you use plural, I know that it is only double words, like banyak-banayk, means "a lot". What about other words?

For example, I want to say "there you can find a lot of bananas", should I say "banayak banana" or "banana-banana"

Yes, banana in malay we call pisang.
So, bananas is pisang-pisang

Well, talking about pisang. One word can describe "I am bored" , is pishang. Like to pronounce Пишанг . You know, banana is simiar shape with a dick. So, i guess it mean actual thing. Like English speakers always use. "Don't be a dick" which is mean, "Don't be bored" . So, it related.

Back to our plurals form. Some words can be twice but some are not. Which is mean, they're just like that. And i don't know why. It is long time ago where is i wasn't born yet.

For example, we call butterfly as Rama-rama.
So, butterflies doesn't called as Rama-rama-rama-rama.

Or, welcome (when someone say thank you). We say, sama-sama.
But, if "sama" mean "same" in English.
So, don't get confused. "Sama-sama" is not "many same"
It's weird.

And, jaga-jaga. In English , jaga can have two meaning. It can be Guardian, or guarding. But jaga-jaga means, careful. Which is same meaning as hati-hati, similar meaning as take care.
Hati means heart. I think it is just like, "take care of yourself like how you take care of your heart" .

So, Hati-hati di jalan raya. Means, Becareful on the road.
Not, many heart on the road. Hahaha.

Okay then . If you have something to ask. Be sure to post on question. I will be happy to explain.

Best regards, Hakimi.

В чем-то тут есть логика.

у меня из коллег никто не может объяснить образование следующих грамматических конструкций:
- причастных и деепричастных оборотов
- страдательного залога
в малайской бахасе, однако любопытно.

noone among my colleagues are able to elucidate the formation of the following grammatical constructions:
- participle (I&II) clause
- passive voice
in malay language, however it is curious.

Well, that is good question. I probably have good way to answer.

For the first things is, in English. They put "ed" or "en" at the end of the verb. Steal, stolen. Beat, beaten. Kill, killed. Arm, armed. And they have special case like, go, went. Do, did. Sleep, slept.

From all of above , In malay, we just add "di" at the front of the verb.

Makan - eat
Dimakan - eaten

Kucing makan ikan.
The cat eat the fish.

Ikan dimakan oleh kucing.
The fish eaten by the cat.

Bunuh - kill
Dibunuh - killed

In English," someone is killed with a gun." Is correct, because it slightly meaning "someone is killed by a man with a gun"

So, i want to explain the use of, by and with.

By - oleh (someone, the agent)
With - dengan (something, the instrument)

In malay, seseorang dibunuh oleh seorang lelaki dengan pistol.

Becaeful. "Di" should be replace close to verb. Dipukul is correct. Di pukul is wrong. Because , when it being separate. It will be more to place.

Di sini - at here
Di situ - at there (you can reach easily)
Di sana - at there (still can reach, but a bit far away)
Di sinun - at there (beyond your reach)

There is a song,
di pondok kecil... di pantai ombak ...
At small house.... at waving beach...

Doesn't related. Hahaaaa

In others particle,
I am being grounded.
Saya sedang dihukum.

I am been beaten.
Saya telah dipukul.

I am hireed by Microsoft
Saya diupah oleh Microsoft

I'm blinded with gold.
Saya dibutakan dengan emas.


Sometimes, adjective can turn into verb. Just put, "kan" at the end of the adjective. Only adjective can become verb by adding "kan" and the end of the word. But remember, "makan" is already verb. It is not been added from "ma" . Doesn't have meaning.

Hidup - life
Hidupkan - turn on
Dihidupkan - turned on

Hidupkan lampu.
Turn on the light.

Lampu dihidupkan.
The light is turned on.

Mati - die
Matikan - kill (turn off)
Dimatikan - killed (turned off)

Turn off the light.
Matikan lampu.

Lampu dimatikan.
The light is turned off.